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| 購買進(jìn)口儀器、試劑和耗材——就在始于2001年的畢特博生物 www.mobfastly.com |
美國哥倫比亞大學(xué)研究人員8月4日?qǐng)?bào)告說，他們繞過了干細(xì)胞階段，首次將人類皮膚細(xì)胞直接轉(zhuǎn)化為功能正常的前腦神經(jīng)細(xì)胞。 從上世紀(jì)80年代開始，科學(xué)家們就已意識(shí)到，具有全能性（即可以分化成所有不同種類的體細(xì)胞）且可以自我修復(fù)的胚胎干細(xì)胞將在再生醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域扮演重要角色。不過，由于提取胚胎干細(xì)胞涉及倫理問題，科學(xué)家們開始尋找替代方法。2007年，科學(xué)界在這一領(lǐng)域取得突破——美國和日本科學(xué)家分別將普通皮膚細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)化為誘導(dǎo)多功能干細(xì)胞，后者具有和胚胎干細(xì)胞類似的功能，卻繞開了胚胎干細(xì)胞研究帶來的倫理障礙，誘導(dǎo)多功能干細(xì)胞由此也成為近年來干細(xì)胞研究的熱點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域之一。 不過，誘導(dǎo)多功能干細(xì)胞缺點(diǎn)也非常顯著：不易獲得、轉(zhuǎn)化時(shí)間較長、具有引發(fā)癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。2010年，斯坦福大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院的研究人員繞過了誘導(dǎo)多功能干細(xì)胞這一步驟，首次直接將實(shí)驗(yàn)鼠皮膚細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)化為神經(jīng)細(xì)胞。 在斯坦福大學(xué)研究的基礎(chǔ)上，哥倫比亞大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心副教授阿薩·阿貝利奧維奇領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的團(tuán)隊(duì)使用了不同轉(zhuǎn)錄因子組合，并添加了神經(jīng)細(xì)胞支持因子，最終直接將人類皮膚干細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)化為前腦神經(jīng)細(xì)胞。轉(zhuǎn)化出的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞與正常神經(jīng)細(xì)胞無異，在植入實(shí)驗(yàn)鼠中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)后可發(fā)送和接收信號(hào)。 阿貝利奧維奇說，該研究尚處于早期階段，還未做好臨床應(yīng)用的準(zhǔn)備，但新成果給治療阿爾茨海默氏癥等神經(jīng)退行性疾病帶來新思路。 有關(guān)研究成果當(dāng)天發(fā)表在《細(xì)胞》雜志網(wǎng)絡(luò)版上。
Directed Conversion of Alzheimer's Disease Patient Skin Fibroblasts into Functional Neurons Liang Qiang, Ryousuke Fujita, Toru Yamashita, Sergio Angulo, Herve Rhinn, David Rhee, Claudia Doege, Lily Chau, Laetitia Aubry, William B. Vanti, Herman Moreno, Asa Abeliovich Directed conversion of mature human cells, as from fibroblasts to neurons, is of potential clinical utility for neurological disease modeling as well as cell therapeutics. Here, we describe the efficient generation of human-induced neuronal (hiN) cells from adult skin fibroblasts of unaffected individuals and Alzheimer's patients, using virally transduced transcription regulators and extrinsic support factors. hiN cells from unaffected individuals display morphological, electrophysiological, and gene expression profiles that typify glutamatergic forebrain neurons and are competent to integrate functionally into the rodent CNS. hiN cells from familial Alzheimer disease (FAD) patients with presenilin-1 or -2 mutations exhibit altered processing and localization of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and increased production of Aβ, relative to the source patient fibroblasts or hiN cells from unaffected individuals. Together, our findings demonstrate directed conversion of human fibroblasts to a neuronal phenotype and reveal cell type-selective pathology in hiN cells derived from FAD patients. |
購買進(jìn)口儀器、試劑和耗材——就在始于2001年的畢特博生物
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